Internal-combustion engine.



A. E. OSBORN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR 11, 1910 1,01 1,480, Patented Dec.12,1911.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEBT 1v ZZZ?! WiTNESSES: 473 M 1 I I,

A. E. OSBORN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION TILED MAR.11. 1910.

WQHNESSES:

A. E. OSBORN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIGATION FILED MAR.11,1910. 1 91 1 4 0, Patented Dec.12,1911.

6 SHEETSSHEET 3 AMBER? 5 J0 J0 24 a! .10 i I L L .32

WSTNESSES: \NVENTOR A. E. OSBORN.

INTERNAL GOMBU$TION ENGINE APPLICATION FILED MAR. 11, 1910.

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Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

- ESHBETS-SHBET 4. i y

A. E. OSBORN; INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 11, 1910. I 1,01 1,480. Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

5 BHEETS-SHEET W1 w W WITNESSES: V INVENTO E @ORNEYTJ ALDEN E. OSBORN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1911.

Application filed. March 11,1910. Serial No. 548,748.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALDEN E. OSBORN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and particularly to improvements in valve mechanism therefor.

Specifically this invention relates to a type of valve mechanism disclosed and claimed broadly by-me in, a copending' application Serial Number 505,860, filed July 3, 1909, in. which apvalve chamber is provided having adistributing passage, a main valve therein for controlling it, anda concentric annular valve for alternately connecting the said distributing passage with inlet and ehaust connections. My present invention consists first, in improved means for operating the valves comprising two eccent-rics,-one positively connected with each of the two v lves-mild second in the disposition of thelvalvechamher in line with the working cylinder as an extension of the upper portion thereof.

My invention also consists in many novel details of construction and combinations of parts including means for operating the inlet and distributing valves of opposed cylinders from a single operating shaft, and means for preventing overheating of the valve chambers and valves; and in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I will now proceed to describe certain embodiments thereof, having reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating the same, and will then point out the novel features in claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a view in central longitudinal section through an internal combustion engine of the vertical type, constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view'in central longitudinal section through a portion of amulticylinder engine of the horizontal opposed cylinder type constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section through the middle portion of the engine showing particularly the means for operating the valves. Fig. 4 is a detail view in transverse section substantially upon the line 1-4: of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of the complete engine. Fig. 6 is a Iview in central longitudinal section through a vertical type of internal combustion engine showing the same as equipped with a modified form of the valve mechanism. Figs. 7 8 and 9 are diagrammatic views showing the relative positions of the cam operating shaft, the eccentrics thereon,

and the parts reciprocated thereby, and illustrating the relative movements of the parts.

Referring first to the construction shown in Fig. 1 the engine comprises the usual working cylinder 10,,a' reciprocating piston 11 mounted thereing'a crank casing 12 for supporting the cylinder, a crank shaft 13' journaled in the casing, and a connecting rod 14 for connecting the piston with the crank shaft. The upper end of the cylinder is provided with a cylindrical extension 15 of reduced diameter, the same being connected with the main cylinder 10 by a tapered reducing neck 16. The cylindrical extension 15 serves as a valve casing, a reciprocating slide valve 17 of the piston'type being mounted therein. The said casing is provided with one or more openings 18 constituting a distributing passage,-.the inner or cylinder end of which is adapted to be,

controlled by the said valve 17, as willbe ings. In addition to the distributing passage the valve casing is provided with an inlet chamber 19 and an exhaust chamber 20, a tubular valve 21 being disposed be tween the said chambers and arranged in its longitudinal reciprocating to place either the inlet or the exhaust chamber into communication with the said distributing passage. Asa matter of construction the said tubular valve is mounted between an outer face 22 with which the cylindrical extension 15 is provided and the inner face of the.cy-

well understood by reference to the drawlindrical element 23 which surrounds a portion of the cylindrical extension 15, and is connected therewith.

Movements of reciprocation are imparted to the main valve 17 and the distributing valve 21 by means of cranks or eccentrics disposed upon a valve operating shaft in I is provided with an eccentric 25 provided with an eccentric strap or connecting ele ment 26 which is pivotally connected to an arm 27 upon a tubular slide 28 guided longitudinally in a second tubular slide '29 which is in turn guided to move longitudi nally in a cylindrical guideway 30. The

slide 28 is provided at its upper end-with a cross-head 31, dependent rods 32 being provided for connecting the said crossand with the tubular distributing .valve 21. The

shaft is provided with a second eccentric or crank' pin 33 having a connecting rod 34 which connects the samerwith the second slide 29, the said slide being provided at its upper end with an operating arm 35 which extends over the end of the cylinder to the center thereof, and is connected at its extremity by means of a connecting rod 36 with the said main valve 17.

In the position in which the parts are set in Figs- 1 the engine is ready for a working stroke,-that is to say, a compressed charge is contained within the cylinder 10 at the upper end thereof above the piston 11. Upon the charge being ignited by suitable means (not shown) the engine piston 11 will be forced downward, the crank shaft being moved in the direction of the arrow thereagainst, the valve operating shaft 24 7 being revolved in the opposite direction as Bil indicated by the arrow contiguous thereto. As the piston 11 continues to move downward the eccentric 25 will be rotated to move the distributing valve down so as to open the exhaust chamber 20 fully to the distributing passage 18. At the same time the crank pin or'eccentric 33 will move upward so as to lift the main valve 17 until finally as the piston 11 approaches the bottom of its stroke the main valve 17 will reach a position wherein the distributing passage 18' will be open to the interior of the cylinder. Upon the" return stroke of the piston 11 the inlet gases will be exhausted through' tl'ie passage 18 to the exhaust chamber until as the piston again reaches its uppermost position, the crank shaft 'having'completed one revolution, the continued movement "of the crankshatt'througli one-half of a complete her and the distributingpassage, andv upon the commencement of the nest downward 'HIOVGIIBQBt of the p ston the distributing .valve filliflll be lifted so fares to open the enses distributing passage 18 to the inlet chamber 19. When the piston 11 was in its upper .most position justprior to its movement passage 18 so that upon the next downward movement of the piston 11v to draw in a fresh charge the ensuing downward movement of the main valve will not affect the closing of the passage 18. As the piston-11, however, reaches. the lowermost portion of its stroke the piston valve 17 will have commenced to close the distributing passage so that as the piston 11 commences to rise again in its compression stroke, the valve 1'? will have just reached position wherein it will close the distributing passage 18. Thereafter the valve 17 will continue to move downward as the piston 11 moves upward, until as the piston 11 reaches its uppermost position the valve 17 will have just about reached its lowermost position, and the parts will be back in the position in which they are shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Dur ing this latter movement the distributing valve 21 will have been moved downward .so as to again place the exhaust chamber 20 in communication with the distributing passage 18, but this will be immaterial so far as the'operation of the engine is concerned. because of the fact that the passage 18 is closed by the main valve 17. The cycle is now complete and ignition again takin place. in the cylinder a fresh cycle will be commenced. @M

It will be noted that the axis of the shaft 24 is out of line with the points of pivotal connection of the connecting elements 26 and 3% with the parts movable with the valves 21 and 17 respectively the axis of the said shaft being actually disposed be-' tween the lines of movements inf the said pivotal connections, and it will,iiurthcrmoro be noted that the eccentric or crank pin 33 is'disposed angularly upon the shaft 24- in advance of the eccentric 25. This relationship of parts is a desirable one as producing the proper relative movements between the valves with respect to each other and with respect to the movements of the main piston 11. The effect of this arrangement of the partsand the relationship of the movements will be readily understood in the'light of the later 'descrip'tion of similar parts and the movementsthereof, in respect to the engine shown in Fig. 2, and the diagrammatic views Figs. 7, 8, and

In Figs. 2, 3, 4-, and 5 I have shown the same valve mechanism as applied to an en gins of the horizontal opposed cylinder type. lin this instance I have shown certain modifications oil the structure though in prineccentric 44 having two corresponding meni bers for connection with the slides 28 and 28*, and with a crank pin or eccentric 45 for connection with the tubular slides 29 and 29. The eccentrics 4444 are provided with connecting elements 6162 which are 'pivotally connected at 63 and 64 with the slides 2828 respectively, while the crank pin 45 is provided with connecting rods 65--66 which are pivotally connected at 67 and 68 with the slides 29 -29 respectively.

In File. 7, S, and 9 I have shown diagrammatically the relationship of the valre operating shaft, the cranks or eccentrics, and the pivotal connection of the connecting elements with the'parts to be moved thereby, together with the relative movements of the parts. In these views the rectilinear lineof movement of the pivotal connections 67 and (38 are shown by dotted lines 69'70, and the said lines will be seen tobe upon opposite sides of a line 71 which passes through the, center of the shaft 42. The object of oiisetting the parts is to obtain a quicker movement of the valve in one di-' rection than in the other. By an examination of Fig. 7 it will be seen that a line which passes through the centers 68, 45 and 42 when the center 68, is in one extremity ofits position, isoblique to a line passing through the three centers when the center 68 at its opposite'extremity. .Hence the angular movement of the shaft is necessarily greater when the point 68 is being moved in one direction than while it is bemoved in the other direction. As the conditions are reversed upon the opposite sides of the center oi the engine, it then be comes necessary in order to employ but a single eccentric or crank 45, to cause the pivotal connection (it? to reciprocate upon opposite sides of the center of the crank shaft 42,011, in other words, to offset them oppositely. This will be readily understood by reterenc to the diagrammatic View in Fig. 8. In lig. 7, I have shown but one of the connecting rods from the crank pin to in order to clearly bring out the relative movement of the parts, but in Fig. 8 I have shown both of the connecting rods in order to illustrate the relationship of movements between the parts upon opposite sides. Fig. 9 shows diagrammatically the relation ship of the shaft 42 and the "eccentric members 44 with respect to the pivotal centers 6 and 64 of the valve slides moved thereby. The points 63 and (34 are also arranged to move in lines parallel with, and upon opposite sides of, the central line 71, but in order to obtain the proper relationship of movement between the valves, the center (33 for the valve at one end of the engine moves in a line upon opposite sides of the line 71 to that in which the center 67 for the other valve upon the same side of the engine moves. The effect of this is, of course, to

compel the movement of one of the \tllt a for either cylinder faster in one. direction than the other, and the movement of the other valve for the same cylinder relatively The two taster inthe opposite direction.

diagrams 8 and 9 may be read one with the 4 other,that is to say, the parts are in the, same relative positions in both views, and" the views may be superposed; they are. merely separated for the purposes of illustration. It will also be noted that the two eccentrics or cranks are arranged the one angularly in advance of the other. I find that a convenient position is 45 degrees apart, and I also find it convenient to make the throw of one or the cranks or eccentrics much greaterthan the other,preferablythe one about twice as greatas the other. It will, oi course, be'understoodthat the fore-- going may he departed from Within wide limits and is illustrative merely of the preferred form, construction, and arrangement of the parts.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a type of engine similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that I have provided means for moving the distributing valve by, and in accordance with, the movement of the main valve near the opposite ends of its stroke, and in this case I have employed but a single eccentric or crank pin 46 upon the valve operating shaft, corresponding to the eccentric or crank pin 33 in the construction shown in Fig. 1, or the eccentric or crank pin 45 in the construction of Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive, the same being provided with a connecting rod 4'? for connecting it with the main valve slide29. At its upper end the slide is provided with an arm 48' which carries at the end thereof at a point concentric with the axis of the main cylinder 10, a dependent rod 49 rigidly secured thereto. At its lower end the rod is provided with a collar 50 which is connected to the main valve 51 corresponding to the main valve 17 oi the construction shown in Fig. l and the main valve ll of the construction shown in F 2 to 5, the connectioh being 0t such character as to permit some lateral movement whereby to prevent. binding of the parts. Intermediate its ends the said rod 49 is provided with two collars 52-53, the said collars being adapted to engage a head connected to the tubular the distributing valve.

distrii'iuting valve 55 by means of rods 56. The collars 53 are so positioned that they will engage the said head near the end of the stroke of the valve 51 to quickly move 5 the valve'55 the-same being designed to.

move the entire limit of its movement in either direction after the head 54 has been engaged by either the collar52 53,.and during the completion of the movement of the main valve thereafter. The distributing valve 55 in. the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 6, is provided with an inlet passage 57 for connecting the distributing passage 18 with the inlet chamber 19 in one position of the valve, and with another passage 58 for placing the said distributing passage 18 in Communication with the exhaust chamber 20 in the opposite position of the said valve. The main valve is timed to be moved by the-valve operatin shaft in a manner similarto that described for the construction of Fig. 1, the only essential difference between the operation-of this construotion and that of Fig. 1', being that the distributing 'valve will be held stationary during the greater portion of the movement of the main valve, and thereafter moved by the main valve as it reaches the extremity of its movement in. either direction. Thus, as the valve 51 moves all the way up it will finally carrythe distributing valve up with it so that as the piston 11 moves downward inits stroke to draw in a. new charge, the distributing passage will be connected with the inlet chamber. It will remain in such connection after the main valve has moved downward to close the distributing passage, while the piston 11 moves upward to compress the charge, the movement of the distributing valve being reversed'so as to again connect the distributing passage 18 with the exhaust chamber as the main velvecompletes its downward movement while the charge is being compressed, the assage 18 being openlto the exhaust chamber but closedto the Working cylinder by the main valve during the next working stroke of the piston 11.

. Inthe several constructions shown it will be noted that the cylindrical chamber con;

amiular chamber which contains the distributing valve are separated by a spac space is conveniently in open communication with the chamber lnclosed by the water acket of the cylinder, aswill be well understood. Suchan arrangement is important working cvlinder from injuriously affecting \Vhat I claim is: 1. An internal combust on engine comprising a working cylinder provided with-an extenslon in line therewith at its upper end taining the main valve and the concentric as it prevents the heat. generated. within the an annular valve mounted in the second said.

valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passage, and means for operating the valves.

2. In an internal combustion engine. the combination with a working cylinder, a main valve chamber formed in line therewith and as an extension of the upper end thereof, an annular valve chamber surrounding the main valve chamber, an inlet chamber, and an exhaust chamber, and having a distributi'n passage between the said main and distri uting valve chambers, of a main valve mounted within the first said valve chamber for-controlling the cylinder end of the distributing passage, an annular distributing valve mounted in the annular chamber arranged to alternately connect the said distributing passage with the said inlet and exhaust chambers, and means for operating the valves.

3-. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a working cylinder provided with a cylindrical extension of reduced-diameter at the upper end thereof constituting a valve chamber, an annular valve chamber concentrically surrounding the first said. valve chamber, and a dis tribiiting passage disposed between the two said valve chambers, of a piston valve mounted in the first said valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end of the discharge passage, an annular distributing valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the opposite end of the said distributing passage, and means for operating the valves. 4, Valve mechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers,and a stationary tubular member containing a distributing passage therethrough, a piston valve within the said tubular casing member for controlling the inner end of the sai distributing passage, an annular. valve surrounding the said tubular member, for-coneccentrics with the said, valves respectively.

lOt

5 Valve mechanismbomprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a stationary tubular member containing a distributmg passage therethrough," a. piston valve within the said tubular casing member for controlllngtheinner end off the said distributing passage. an" annular valve sur-v rounding the said tubulaifinembcr, for con necting the distributing passage with either eccentricswit-h the said valves respectively.

6. Valvemechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a stationary tubular m mber containing a distributing passage'therethrough, a, piston valve within the said tubular casing member for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, an annular valve surrounding the said tubular member, for con-' ,necting the distributing passage with either the saidinlet or exhaust chambers, a valve operating shaft ecce ntrics ,upon the said shaft, the one set angular-1y in advance of, and having a greater throw than, theother, and means for connecting the said eccentrics 0 with the saidvalves respectively.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting a main valve chamber, and

5 having another valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing passage connecting the said valve chambers, a main valve mounted Within the first said chamber for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, a

valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said-distributing passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and

means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

8. An internal. combustion engine comprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting a main valve chamber and having an annular valve chamber surrounding the same, and a distributing passage connecting them, a main valve mounted Within'the said first chamber for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, an annular valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for. connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

9. In an internalcombustion engine, the combination with a Working cylinder, a

main valve chamber formed in line there- 50 ing a distributing passage between the main and the distributing valve chambers. of a main valve within the first said valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end of the distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling main and distributing valve chambers, of a main valve mounted within the first said valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end of the distributing passage, an annular distributing valve mounted in the annular chamber arranged to alternately connect the said distributing passage with the said inlet and exhaust chambers, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a working cylinder provided with a cylindrical extension of reduced diameter at the upper end. thereof constituting a valve chamber, a second valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing passage between them, of, a piston valve mounted in the first said' valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end. of the rlistilhuting passage, valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the opposite end of the said distributing passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting a main 'alve chamber, and having another valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing passage connecting the said valve chambers, a. main valve mounted within the first said chamber for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft. the one being disposed upon the shaft angularly in advance of the other, and means for connecting the said, eccentrics with the saidvalves respectively.

13. An internal combustion engine courprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting a main valve chamber and' having an annular valve chamber surrounding the same, and a distributing passage connecting-them, a main valve mounted said distributing passage with within the first said chamber for controlling the; inner end of' the said distributing passage, an annular valve mounted in the sod and said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passaq e, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon t c,

said shaft, the one being disposed upon the" shaft angularly in advance of the other, and means for connecting. the said eccentrics with the said valves res 'ectively.

14. In an internal com ustion engine, the combination with a workin cylinder, a main valve chamber formed in line therewith and as an extension of the upper end thereof, another valve chamber arranged outsidethe first said valve chamber, an inlet chamber, and an exhaust chamber, and having a distributing passage between the main and the distributing valve chambers, of a main valve within the first said valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end of the distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for con trolling the opposite end of the said distributing, passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, the one being disposed upon the shaft singularly in advance of t other, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

15. Inan internal combustion engine, the combination with a working cylinder, a main valve cl'iamber formed in line therewith and as an extension of the upper end thereof, an annular valve cl'lambcr surrounding the main valve chamber, an inlet chamber, an exhaust chamber, and having a'distributing passage between the said main and distributing valve chambers, of a main valve mounted within the first said valve chamber for controlling the cylinder cnd'o't the distributing passage, an annular distributing valve mounted in the annular chamber arranged to alterna'telyconnect the we said inlet and. exhaust chambers, aflval ve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, the one being disposed upon the shaft angularly in advance of the other, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

, 16. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a working cylinder provided with a' cylindrical extension of re duced diameter at the upper end thereof constituting a valve chamber, a. second valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing; nassage between them, of a PlStOIt-rfillhe mounted in the first said-valve chamber for controlling the cylinder end of the distiibuting passa'g,

a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber foe-controlling the opposite end of the said distributing passage, a valve operlarly in advance of the other, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting' a main valve chamber, and

having another va e chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing passage connecting the said valve chambers, a main valve mounted within the first said chamber for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distr buting passage, two vertically guided slides arranged parallel to the said cylinder, means connecting the two said slides with the two said valves respectively, a valve operat ng shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and means connecting the two eccentrics to the two said slides gqpectively.

18. An internal combustion engine comprising a working cylinder provided with an extension in line therewith at its upper end constituting a main valve chamber, and having another valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, and a distributing passage connecting the said valve chambers, a main valve mounted within the first said chamber, for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passage, twovcrtically guided slides arranged parallel to the said cylinder, means connectingthe two said slides with the two, said valves respectively, a valve operating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, the

end of thesaid distributing passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the outer end of the said distributing passage, two vertically guided slides arranged parallel to the said cylinder,

means connectingthe two said slides with the two said valves respectively, a valve op erating shaft," two eccentrics thereon, the one having a," greater throw than the other, and means connecting the two eccentrics to the two said slides respectively.

islides arranged parallel to the said cylinder,

means connecting the two said slides with the two said valves respectively, a valve operating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, the

one having a greater throw than, and arranged angularly in advance of, the other, and means connecting the two eccentrics to the two said slides respectivel 21. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a Working cylinder, a main valve chamber formed in line therewith and as an extension at the upper end thereof, another valve chamber arranged outside the first said valve chamber, a chamber between the said valve chambers through which a cooling medium may be circulated, an inlet chamber, and an exhaust chamber, and hav ing a distributing passage between the main and the distributing valve chambers, of a main valve within, the first said valve chamher for controlling the cylinder end of the distrilniting passage, a valve mounted in the second said valve chamber for controlling the opposite end of the said distributing passage, and means for operatingthe valves.

22. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a worklng cyl1nder,a main valve chamber formed in line therewith and as an extension at the upperfend thereof,

an annular valve chamber surrounding the main valve chamber, a chamber between. the said valve chambers through which a cooling medium may be circulated, an inlet chamber, and an exhaust chamber, and having a distributing passage between the said main and distributing valve chambers, of a combination with three concen ric chambers,

and a passage through the intermediate chamber for connecting the interior chainbcr with the exterior chamber the intermediate 'chamber being arranged to receive a cooling medium, of a valve in the interior chamber for controlling the inner end of the said passage, .valve in the exterior chamber for controlling the outer end of the said passage, and means for operating thev'alves.

24. In an internal comlnistion-engine, the

combination with three concentric chambers,

and a passage through the intermediate chamber for connecting the interior chamber with the exterior chamber, the intermediate chamber being arranged to receive a cooling medium, of a valve in the interior chamber for controlling the inner end of the said passage, a valve in the exterior chamber for controlling the outer end of the said passage, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively.

In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and two valves therefor, of a Valve operating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and connecting elements upon the said eccentrics pivotally connected to parts movable with the said valves, the lines of movement of the said pivotal connections being substantially parallel with, and upon opposite sides of, a line passing through the axial center of the said shaft.

26. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a cylinder and two valves therefor, of a valve operating shaft, two ec centrics thereon, and connecting elements" combinationwith a cylinder and two valves therefor, of a valve operating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and connecting elements .upon the said eccentrics pivotally connected to parts movable witlrthe said valves, the lines of movement of the said pivotal connections being'substantiallv parallel with, and upon opposite sides of, a line. passing through the axial center of the said shaft,

one of the said eccentrics having a greater throw than the other. and the eccentric-having the greater throw being set 'upon the shaft angularly in advance of the eccentric having the smaller throw 28. Valve mechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a, distributing passage, a valve for controlling the said passage, :1 second valve for connecting the said passage with either the said inlet or the said exhaust chamber, a valve operating shaft, two eccentrics upon the shaft, connecting elements upon the said eccentrics pivotally connected to parts movable with the said valves, the lines of movement of the said pivotal connections being substantially parallel with, and upon opposite sides of, a line passing through the axial center of the said shaft. I

29. Valve mechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a tubular member containing a distributing passage therethrough, a piston valve within the said tubular casing member for control-, ling the inner end of and distributing passage, arr-annular valve surrounding the said tubular member for connecting the dis tributing passage with either the said inlet or exhaust chamber, a valve operating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and co; ,iccting elements upon thesaid eccentrics plvotally conncctcd to parts movable with the said valves, the lines of. movement of the said pivotal connections being'substantially parallel with, and upon opposite sides of, a line passing through the axial center ofthe said shaft.

30. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and two valves therefor, and a reciprocating element con-- nected with each of the said valves, of op rating means therefor comprising a rotating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and connecting elements between the eccentrics and the reciprocating elements respectively, the axis of the said shaft being-so located with respect to the said reciprocatiiig elements as to cause each of the said reciprocating elements to move faster in one direction than .in the other, the relatively. rapid mpvement of one of the said reciprocating velements being inthe opposite direction to thi't't of the other. v 1' 31. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and two valves therefor, and a reciprocating element connected with each of the said valves, of operating means therefor comprising a rotating shaft, two eccentrics thereon, and con.- necting elements between the eccentrics and the said reciprocating elements respectively, the axis of the said shaft being so located with respect to the said reciprocating elements thatth'e said shaft willhave' a greater angular movement when moving each of the said elements in one direction than when moving them in the other, the angular movement being: the mica-tor when moving one of the said elements in one direction and the other of the said elements in the other direction.

32., Valve mechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a distributing passage, a valve for controlling the said passage, a second valve for connecting the said passage with either the'said inlet or the said exhaust chamber, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively, the axis of the said shaft being so disposed with relation to the parts moved thereby as to cause each of the said valves to move faster in one direction than in the other, the more rapid movement of the one valve being in the op posite direction to that of the other.

- 33.- Valve mechanism comprising a casing havin-g inlet and exhaust chambers, and a tubular member containinga distributing passage t-hercthrough, a piston valve within the-said tubular casing member for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, an annular valve surrounding the said tubular member for connecting the said distributing passage with either the said inlet or exhaust chambers, a valve operating having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a distributing valve, a valve for controlling the said passage,a second valve for connecting the said passage with either the said inlet or the said exhaust chamber, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively, the axis of the said shaft being so located with re spect to the parts moved by the said eccentrics that the said shaft will have a greater angular movement when moving each of the said valves in one direction than when moving them in the other, the angular movement of the said shaft being the greater when movone of the said valves in one direction and when moving the other of the said valves in the other direction.

35. Valve mechanism comprising a casing having inlet and exhaust chambers, and a tubular member containihg a distributing passage therethrough, a piston valve within the said tubular casing member for controlling the inner end of the said distributing passage, an annular valve surrounding the said tubular member, for connecting the distributing passage with either the said inlet or exhaust chambers, a valve operating shaft, eccentrics upon the said shaft, and means for connecting the said eccentrics with the said valves respectively, the axis of the said shaft being so disposed with respect to the parts moved thereby that the said. shaft will have a greater angular movement when moving each of the said valves in one direction than when moving them in the other, the angular movement of the said shaft be 7 ing the greater when moving one. of the valves in one direction and when moving-the other of the said valves inthe. other direction.

36. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with opposed cylinders and a valve for each of them, of a valve operating shaft, an eccentric thereon, connecting ele ments upon the said eccentric pivotally connected to'parts movable with the two said valves, the points of the two pivotal connections being disposed-upon opposite sides of the said shaft, whereby the movements thereof will berin lines substantially parallel with, but upon opposite sides of, a linepassing through the axial center of the said shaft. I

37. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with opposed cylinders and a valve for each'oi' them, of a valve operating shaft, an eccentric thereon, connecting ele-' ments upon the said eccentric pivotall connected to parts movable with the two said valves, the axis of located with respect to the points of pivotal connections of the connecting elements with the said parts movable with the valves,

whereby the movements of the said pivotal connections toward and away from the said shaft will be correspondingly faster in the one direction than in the other.

38. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with opposed cylinders and a valve for each of them, of a valve operating shaft, an eccentric thereon,

the said shaft being sov connecting ele ments upon the said eccentric pivotally con-1 nected to parts movable with the two said valves, the axis of the said shaft being so 1ocated with respect to the points of pivotal connections of the connecting elements with the said parts movable with the valves, whereby the angular advance of the shaft when moving each of thesaid valves in a corresponding direction, will be greater than direction. v

39. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with opposed cylinders and two valves for each of the cylinders, of a single valve operating shaft, two eccentrics time on, ieach eccentric arranged t ope-rate two of the corresponding valves, one for each of the cylinders, connectin elements upon the said eccentrics pivotal y connected to parts movable with the said valves, the axis of the said shaft being so disposedwith re spect to the said pivotal connections that each of the said pivotal'connections will move when moving the said valves 1n the opposite faster in one direction than in the other, the

movements of the said connections for the valves for one cylinder being the faster in opposite directions, and the movement of the two connections for the valves of opposite cylinders being the faster in opposite directlons, whereby the relative movements of the valves for the opposite cylinders will corres 0nd.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of March, 1910.

ALDEN E. OSBORN.

Witnesses: v i D. HOWARD Havwooo,

LYMAN S. Anonnws, Jr. 

